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Ludeman Eng Alfredo Lazaro Gutierrez: razones145@hotmail.com
Topics:
* Goat Competitiveness in Caserio
* Yacon extract sugars
* Importance of yacon
* Quantification of oligofructans Mesoamerican Agriculture
According
Costa Rica
According Agronomia
Mesoamerica SUMMARY: COMPETITIVENESS AND SUSTAINABILITY OF THE ACTIVITY IN GOATS CASER IO SAN PABLO (DISTRICT CATACAOS) Piura - PERU
Author: Mr. Alfredo Ludeña Gutiérrez-UNP-Piura-Peru: E-mail: razones145@hotmail.com
The Population of the village of San Pablo, with respect to educational level shows a low level, where 55% of the population has completed primary school and 29.03% are illiterate artisan goat management exist, exist 8.2% 1.229 mortality of goats, plus a waste of fresh milk 68%, with poor sales turnover of goats with tenure of 2 to 3 years and extensive exploitation of 98%. The number of goats (6.867 units) is higher than sheep (2,330 units) benefited in the municipal slaughterhouse in Piura, but much less than the regional level 386.865 goats in Piura. There
traders in the city of Piura, which can be linked to this activity goats in the village of San Pablo, as suppliers 15 veterinary centers, training centers at least 4 institutions, all located in the public sector, financial institutions at least 4 fit to grant agricultural loans, local banks (Piura, Sullana, Paita) and Mi Banco, fragmented and disjointed goat buyers while potential competitors.
marketing channels to the activity found in goat in San Pablo is: a) Producer - Intermediate-gatherer-consumer, b) Producer-Consumer-Broker, c) Producer-Consumer. Currently there
sustainability of the activity goats in the village San Pablo, this can occur with the use of dairy products, cheese, yogurt and other, of the 860 goats in the village of San Pablo can get 602 liters of milk daily , with an average production of 0.7 liters of milk each goat, obtaining 50.2 kg of fresh cheese (10 liters of fresh milk, 1 kg of cheese). The gross profit margin for possession of 35 goats pays an average of S / 200 soles, including meat and household consumption, where their costs are reduced. Caprino sector analysis in the San Pablo area results in very attractive, with a weighting of 80%, lack of product differentiation and market goats in the instability of informal competitors stay in the activity goats.
Yacon extract sugars from
reduces sugar in the blood, reduces the amount of cholesterol and triglycerides
(against arteriosclerosis),
favors the development of bifidobacteria and the Bacillus subtilis
in the colon, prevents the growth of microorganisms
decomposition on
tend to cause diarrhea, improves calcium absorption, stimulates the synthesis of complex
B,.
yacon leaves also contain flavonoids, terpenes and sesqui
other substances with activities quote
protective antioxidants and therefore are used as an infusion.
The yacon contains Inulin and garlic, onions,
artichokes, radishes, etc. Inulin is an oligofructose
featuring low caloric values \u200b\u200b(1 to 1.5 kcal / g), there are digestive
that links B (2-1) between units of fruitful
can not be hydrolyzed by enzymes
human digestive.
vitro studies have shown that in the
FOS (fructooligosaccharides) are metabolized by the bifidobacterisas
selectively and that this selective fermentation
induces a decrease in pH of
medium due to the production of large quantities of lactate
and acetate inhibit the growth of E.
coli and Clostridium and other pathogenic bacteria such as Listeria, Shigella or Salmonella
.
numerous human and animal food products
for its positive effect as Probiotic
stimulating growth of nonpathogenic intestinal flora.
250 000 people suffer and
that there are other
dangerous diseases such as hypertension and increased cholesterol causing much damage produced
death.
These diseases are caused by obesity, in
stress and poor diet high in fat, flour and sugar
. Hypertension
.- Because of the lack of knowledge
eat foods high in saturated fat
(animal fats, oils heated) and consumption of excess salt
cause increased blood pressure
with the risk of stroke brain.
WASH
SELECTION CUTTING STRIPPING
WHITE PULP FILTERING
CONCENTRATION
PACKAGING
In comparison with other roots, yacon is exceptionally susceptible to physical damage, especially during harvest and transport. The roots are attached to a neck strain by thin fibrous sometimes hard to break. During the traditional harvest the roots are pulled tightly to remove them from the strain. The problem is that by breaking the neck occurs, usually a wound at the root and thus a likely source of microbiological contamination. It is preferable to use a knife or other tool to make a clean cut in the neck without affect the integrity of the roots.
Losfer are hydrolyzed into simple sugars by the action of an enzyme called fructan hydrolase, which converts fructose, sucrose and glucose. After a week of storage at room temperature, about 30 to 40% of the FOS will have been converted into simple sugars (Graefe et al.2004). However, the conversion speed is slower when stored at refrigeration temperatures yacon (Asami et al.1991). Refrigeration temperatures are also useful for reducing the rate of decay and deterioration of the roots during storage.
* Raw material reception .- was performed weighing the raw material purchased, noting that the product is in good condition in general appearance, as culture age 7 to 8 months, fresh without drying in the sun, free of contaminants and structure in good condition.
* Cleaning .- operation that is to separate the leaves, stems, roots I impurities that are not part of the process.
* Selection .- be done manually to remove the damaged Yacones (Hong, broken, small, etc.).
* Wash .- Using clean water, washing is done by immersion and / or spray, to eliminate dirt and debris disintegrated plant.
* Pelado .- Using stainless steel knives and / or peeling of tubers suitable. Chopping .-
* To avoid too much exposure time in the air, dip sliced \u200b\u200byacon in process water to minimize browning. * Bleached
.- In order to limit the browning of the product and inactivating their natural enzymes, in addition to softening the product to facilitate grinding. This operation was performed at 100 ° C for 20 minutes.
* pulping .- Using a household blender, you get a colloidal solution. • Filtration
.- To facilitate operation, the obtained is washed with water at the time that is filtered, using a clean organza, obtaining a dark green filter. 2:1 dilution.
.- Using a refractometer, the concentrated extract of yacon, Brix is \u200b\u200bmeasured, up to 62 º Brix, paralyzed flame. • Packaging
.- The hot filling is carried out in sterilized bottles and caps, taking into account the health and hygiene of staff and materials used in the process.
Considerations: When heating foods rich in carbohydrates, like potatoes, rice or cereals produce acrylamide. It was found that this substance in French fries could be up to 500 times the WHO maximum limit allowed in drinking water (1 microgram acrylamide / water filter).
Acrylamide, solid, colorless, as a possible carcinogen to human health.
The carob syrup, yacon extract sources of carbohydrates are under high temperatures, should be analyzed for the quantification of acrylamide.
Author: Mr. Alfredo Ludeña Gutiérrez-UNP-Piura-Peru: E-mail: razones145@hotmail.com
The Population of the village of San Pablo, with respect to educational level shows a low level, where 55% of the population has completed primary school and 29.03% are illiterate artisan goat management exist, there 8.2% of mortality of 1.229 goats also a waste of fresh milk 68%, with poor sales turnover goat with tenure of 2 to 3 years and extensive exploitation of 98%. The number of goats (6.867 units) is higher than sheep (2,330 units) benefited in the slaughterhouse 
There
traders in the city of Piura, which can be linked to this activity goats in the village of San Pablo, 15 veterinary centers and providers, training centers at least 4 institutions, all located in the public sector, minimum 4 eligible financial institutions to grant agricultural loans, local banks (Piura, Sullana, Paita) and Mi Banco, goats buyers fragmented and disjointed, yet competitors potential.
marketing channels to the activity found in goat in San Pablo is: a) Producer - Intermediate-gatherer-consumer, b) Producer-Consumer-Broker, c) Producer-Consumer.
currently no goats sustainability of the activity in the village of San Pablo, this can occur with the use of dairy products, cheese, yogurt and other, of the 860 goats in the village of San Pablo can get 602 liters of milk daily, with average production of 0.7 liters of milk per goat obtaining 50.2 kg of fresh cheese (10 liters of fresh milk, 1 kg of cheese). The gross profit margin for possession of 35 goats pays an average of S / 200 soles, including meat and household consumption, where their costs are reduced. Caprino sector analysis in San Pablo area results in very attractive, with a weighting of 80%, lack of product differentiation and market goats instability informal competitors stay in the goat business.
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